Ecological and economic justification for crop rotation and land management outside the jurisdiction of the Liuboml City Council
Students Name: Oksentiuk Tetiana Yaroslavivna
Qualification Level: magister
Speciality: Land Management and Cadastre
Institute: Institute of Geodesy
Mode of Study: full
Academic Year: 2025-2026 н.р.
Language of Defence: ukrainian
Abstract: Ukraine is an agrarian country and the largest country in Europe. Thanks to its favorable geographical location, it has a significant natural potential. The total land area is 60.4 million hectares, of which 33.6 million hectares are arable land, 22 million hectares are hayfields, and 4.8 million hectares are pastures [Zvedenyuk, 2014]. The area of grain crops is 14.6 million hectares, fodder - 12 million hectares, technical crops - 3.8 million hectares, and under potatoes and vegetables - melon crops - 2.1 million hectares [Novatorska, 2023]. Ukraine is known in the world for its fertile chernozem soils, which occupy approximately 60–65% of all agricultural land [Manko, 2016]. At the end of the 20th century, farms faced a critical situation: the level of plowing of agricultural land was the highest in the world, and water erosion covered a significant part of arable land. Increased acidity is observed on 10.3 million hectares of cultivated land, approximately 0.9 million hectares of arable land are saline, 1.7 million hectares are overmoistened, and 0.8 million hectares are swampy [Ivanivna, 2016]. Due to the reduction of arable land, there was a need to increase the efficiency of land use, increase productivity and introduce modern crop rotation, which allows obtaining high yields without harming the soil [Martyn, 2020].Degradation processes have become extremely common today, so overcoming them should become a key element in the development of land resources [Kryvoviaz, 2020]. For this, comprehensive information work should be carried out, which will help reduce the scale of degradation and its consequences. The purpose of the study. Considering the importance of the raised problem and the degree of its scientific study, the main goal of the study is to create an ecological and economic mechanism for the effective use and protection of land, to increase the yield of crops and the productivity of land, as well as to ensure the rational and full involvement of land in economic circulation. The object of the study is a plot of land located outside the settlements of the Lyubomlsk City Council. The subject of the study covers the formation of a system of sustainable land use based on a harmonious combination of ecological and economic factors in the process of growing agricultural crops. Research results. General aspects of crop rotation are covered. The regulatory and legal framework, the stages of development of the relevant projects are described. In addition, the problems arising from non-compliance with the rules of rational land use, which can be partially solved through the implementation of reasonable crop rotations, are considered. An analysis of the natural conditions of the territory where the site is located has been carried out. It was established that, in general, the site is characterized as favorable for farming and obtaining consistently high yields. Agricultural lands were characterized by particle size distribution and other signs of fertility.It was determined that the site has a convenient relief for agricultural use, but it requires the introduction of soil protection technologies and the use of fertile soils that contribute to the preservation of fertility. Thus, the plot of land can be effectively used for growing agricultural crops, provided anti-erosion measures are implemented on the slopes. The land management project of ecological and economic justification of crop rotation provides for crop rotation, which contributes to the effective use of land. This project envisages the organization of one single-field crop rotation on a total area of 1564.50 ha. Measures have been established to prevent water and wind erosion, as well as other negative processes affecting the condition of the soil. In order to ensure a stable yield of agricultural crops, it is planned to provide an optimal supply of nutrients with the help of applying mainly organic and partially mineral fertilizers. Project implementation costs will pay off within three years. Key words: crop rotation, agricultural crops, land management, rational use of land, agriculture. References: Zvedenyuk T. B. (2014). Nitrogen balance in grain crop rotation under different methods of main tillage and fertilization. Herald of Agrarian Science, (1), 69–71. Ivanina V. V. (2016). Biologization of crop fertilization in crop rotations. Kyiv: CPU "Comprint". Manko Yu. P., & Babanko, E. O. (2016). Long-term monitoring of the effectiveness of the weed control system in wheat sowing Kryvoviaz, E., Openko, I., Tykhenko, R., Shevchenko, O., Tykhenko, O., Tsvyakh, O., & Chumachenko, O. (2020). Recovery of losses for inappropriate use of land. Scientific Papers. Series E. Land Reclamation, Earth Observation & Surveying, Environmental Engineering, IX, 175–182. Martyn, A., Shevchenko, O., Tykhenko, R., Openko, I., Zhuk, O., & Krasnolutsky, O. (2020). Indirect corporate agricultural land use in Ukraine: Distribution, causes, consequences. International Journal of Business and Globalisation, 25(3), 378–395. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJBG.2020.109029